COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EVOLUTION AND HISTORY OF THE IDEOLOGY OF ASCETICISM IN CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM
Keywords:
asceticism, history of the ideology, monotheistic religions, Sufism, zuhd, Bible, Qur'anAbstract
One of the common features of all religions in the world is ascetic (Greek askesis (in Christianity) - the movement of the human will on the way to achieve divine grace), ar. zuhd-alzhd – not to incline the heart to the world) is the existence of views and practices in one form or another. But this situation does not require that the ascetic processes in religions are exactly the same, but the ascetic state, formed separately in each religion, acquires its own characteristics. This can be observed as a unique phenomenon in monotheistic (Greek monos-theos - monotheistic) and polytheistic (Greek poly-theos - polytheistic) religions and religious-philosophical teachings. Today, the basis of ascetic views in Christianity and Islam, which are among the world religions, is of great importance due to the presence of a number of common and different aspects based on the reliance on sacred sources, development stages and evolution, institutionalization processes, and their place in social life.
References
Корпачев П.А. Аскетизм в христианстве I века. //Вестник Челябинского государственного университета, 2016. – С. 29
Корпачев П.А. Аскетическая традиция в христианстве до появления монашества. Научнотехнические ведомости СПбГПУ, 2017. – С.129
The word “monk” (Gk. monos - solitude, living alone) is used for a celibate person who, according to Christianity, has renounced the world and devoted himself to the worship of God. Monks believe that they pray for an individual, and at the same time, for all of humanity. These people devote themselves completely to the service of people and renounce the world.
Saint Anthony spent more than 20 years in the desert on the banks of the Nile and lived completely alone. He was influenced by Matthew 19:21 and chose this path. Twice a year, some of his friends brought food to Antony and in return took it from baskets made by Antony. As Antony's unusual lifestyle spread throughout Egypt, the number of people who visited him increased. Some settled near Antony and asked him to teach him the secrets of asceticism. In 305, Antony and his followers founded the first monastic system.
