CYBERSECURITY ISSUES IN BANKING CARD SYSTEMS: THE EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Keywords:
cybersecurity, banking cards, EMV, tokenization, PSD2, SCA, phishing, skimming, payment security.Abstract
This article examines cybersecurity issues in banking card systems based on the experience of developed countries. In the context of digital transformation of payment infrastructures, threats such as phishing, skimming, malware, data breaches, and unauthorized use of payment card credentials are intensifying. Using the cases of the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, and Japan, the study analyzes regulatory frameworks, technological solutions (EMV, tokenization, 3D Secure, biometric authentication), institutional mechanisms, and risk management strategies. The findings highlight the necessity of a comprehensive approach to ensuring banking card security.
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